Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a plasma rich in high concentrations of platelets and leukocytes extracted from autologous anticoagulated blood by centrifugation. Platelets in PRP release various growth factors and other substances after activation, which play an important role in the wound repair process by promoting cell chemotaxis, cell adhesion, cell division and proliferation, and angiogenesis. In addition, platelets themselves can secrete bactericidal proteins and also have antibacterial and pain-reducing properties. 

Autologous PRP is a concentration of autologous plasma, which avoids the risk of immune rejection, disease transmission, and the impact of xenogeneic recombinant gene products on the human genetic structure. The ratio of growth factors and proteases is close to physiological ratios, which is conducive to maintaining local homeostasis. The state and various factors cooperate with each other to promote their physiological effects.

Usually, the concentration of platelets in PRP is 2.0 to 8.5 times higher than that in ordinary plasma. However, the more platelets in PRP, the better, because some scholars have shown that high concentrations of PRP can inhibit wound repair. PRP can be used directly externally, or added to transplant materials (such as bone marrow), or directly injected into the lesion as a matrix for wound repair. PRP can exert an immediate effect, quickly stop bleeding, and promote cell adhesion by forming fibrin clots. Applying PRP to the injured area can imitate and surpass the body's physiological response to trauma, releasing high concentrations of growth factors in the injured area, which can promote tissue repair, reduce pain, reduce blood loss, etc.

Before PRP application, it needs to be activated to promote the release of growth factors in platelet granules. Commonly used PRP activators include thrombin, calcium chloride, etc. Studies have shown that the activator calcium gluconate can slowly activate PRP, and the platelet-rich gel formed retracts slowly, releases a high content of alkaline FGF and high concentration of microvesicles, and can be used to repair joint cavity and sinus wounds; and The activator thrombin can quickly activate PRP, and the platelet-rich gel formed will retract quickly and release a high content of platelet-derived growth factor BB and a certain concentration of microvesicles, which should be used to repair acute wounds. 

PRP helps form a vascularized matrix, which can promote the survival of skin grafts in deep second- and third-degree burn wounds, and PRP can provide better growth conditions for dermal substitutes. Therefore, PRP may play a positive role in the healing of deep second and third-degree burn wounds. Autologous PRP is derived from one's own body and is a relatively safe product. There are currently no reports of adverse reactions and toxic effects caused by PRP. Therefore, PRP has good application prospects in the field of burn wound repair. More multicenter, large-sample, randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the conditions and timing of applying PRP to burn wounds. Current research shows that PRP application is effective to some extent on some acute and chronic wounds. For burn wounds, PRP can promote dermal regeneration, improve the survival rate of skin grafts and accelerate the re-epithelialization process. Therefore, in order to better apply PRP in the field of burns, it is necessary to study the role and regulatory mechanism of PRP in more detail.